How does lenalidomide work in multiple myeloma?

How does lenalidomide work in multiple myeloma?

How does lenalidomide work in multiple myeloma?

The exact mechanism of action of Revlimid is still being studied. Researchers know that Revlimid targets myeloma cells by binding to a specific protein called cereblon, which is involved in regulating the activity of proteins related to cell adhesion, metabolism, and cell division.

How does dexamethasone work in multiple myeloma?

Dexamethasone and the other steroids are useful in myeloma treatment because they can stop white blood cells from traveling to areas where cancerous myeloma cells are causing damage. This decreases the amount of swelling or inflammation in those areas and relieves associated pain and pressure.

How do immunomodulators work in multiple myeloma?

They have several mechanisms. They can kill myeloma cells, augment the immune system’s ability, prevent adhesion to cells, lower angiogenesis (or new blood vessel formulation) and interfere with cancer-promoting cytokines.

What type of drug is lenalidomide?

Lenalidomide is in a class of medications called immunomodulatory agents. It works by helping the bone marrow to produce normal blood cells and by killing abnormal cells in the bone marrow.

Why is dexamethasone used with lenalidomide?

Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as dexamethasone, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Giving lenalidomide together with dexamethasone may kill more cancer cells.

What is the mechanism of action of immunomodulators?

Pleiotropic mechanism of action of immunomodulatory drugs. IMiDs increase T-cell activation and T-cell clonal proliferation by costimulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells by CD28 phosphorylation. They exert direct cytotoxicity via induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell adhesion molecules.

How do immunomodulatory drugs work?

Immunomodulatory drugs modify the response of the immune system by increasing (immunostimulators) or decreasing (immunosuppressives) the production of serum antibodies (1).

Is lenalidomide an immunosuppressant?

Revlimid® (lenalidomide), an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD®), is the first oral medication that was developed for treatment of multiple myeloma.

What is the mechanism of action of lenalidomide in multiple myeloma?

Lenalidomide induces ubiquitination and degradation of CK1α in del (5q) MDS. Structure of the DDB1-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase in complex with thalidomide. Structure of the human Cereblon-DDB1-lenalidomide complex reveals basis for responsiveness to thalidomide analogs. IRF4 addiction in multiple myeloma.

What is the mechanism of action of lenalidomide on del 5q clones?

The exact mechanism of action of lenalidomide on del 5q clones is not known, but there appears to be several candidate genes (tumor suppressor) whose expression may be modulated by lenalidomide treatment. Hellstrom et al [39] studied the effect of lenalidomide on isolated differentiating erythroblasts from del 5q MDS patients and healthy controls.

Can lenalidomide restore sensitivity to MDS by removing CD45 induction?

Furthermore, they observed that lenalidomide is a Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase inhibitor of CD45 leading to reversal of CD45 induced inhibition of EPO-R/STAT5 signaling essential for hematopoiesis. The authors hypothesized that lenalidomide may thus be able to restore sensitivity to MDS by this mechanism.